ABSTRACT
Due to inadvertent cardiac or great vessel injury, sternal foramina may pose as a great hazard during sternal puncture. They can also be misinterpreted as osteolytic lesions in cross-sectional imaging of the sternum. The distribution of these variations differs between populations, but data from Brazilians are scarcely reported. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the frequency of midline sternal foramen and double-ended xiphoid process, as developmental variations, in order to avoid fatal complications following sternal puncture of sternal acupuncture treatment. A total of 114 chest computed tomograms were evaluated. The frequency of midline sternal foramen in a complication risk bearing feature is of approximately 10.5%. The double-ended xiphoid process was present in 17.5%. We conclude that sternal acupuncture should be planned in the region of corpus-previous CT should be done to rule out this variation. Furthermore, we strongly recommend the acupuncture technique which prescribes a safe superficial-oblique approach to the sternum.
Subject(s)
Multidetector Computed Tomography/methods , Sternum/abnormalities , Sternum/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Sternotomy/methods , Xiphoid Bone/abnormalities , Xiphoid Bone/diagnostic imaging , Young AdultABSTRACT
Frederik Ruysch (1638-1731) was a Dutch surgeon, anatomist, and artist. His medical career followed a sucessful course, resulting in many awards and prizes. Advancements in his career afforded him a variety of privileges, including access to cadavers, on which he could perform dissections. During the 17th and early 18th century he made several discoveries and descriptions of human anatomy, physiology and pathology, in the different systems of the human body. He also developed an impressive fixative solution, enabling him to give a "life aspect" to the cadaveric pieces which he prepared. Finally, Ruysch could present his preparations in an artistic way, paying attention to details in order to create not only an image of a well-preserved cadaver, but a whole contextualized message, which could impress the people of his time and is still impressing people at the present. Professor Frederik Ruysch and his exhibitions were a revolutionary during his lifetime, presenting new discoveries in different fields, creating a new fixative solution and adding the artistic component into the anatomical science
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Subject(s)
Humans , Anatomy/history , Embalming/history , Tissue Fixation/history , Anatomists/historyABSTRACT
Anatomical variations in the formation of the sural nerve are common, although the topographical localization of this nerve is constant. In this report, we describe the histological analysis of anomalous course of the medial sural cutaneous nerve which descended through the gastrocnemius via a tunnel formed within the muscle and fascia. This anatomical curiosity are clinically important when evaluating sensory axonal loss in distal axonal neuropathies since sural nerve mononeuropathy is less likely to occur.
Las variaciones anatómicas en la formación del nervio sural son comunes, aunque la localización topográfica de este nervio es constante. En este reporte se describe el análisis histológico del nervio cutáneo sural medial de curso anómalo, que descendió a través de los músculos gastrognemios en un túnel formado en el músculo y la fascia. Esta curiosidad anatómica es de importancia clínica cuando se evalúa la pérdida sensitiva distal en neuropatías axonales, desde mononeuropatía del nervio sural a otras de menor frecuencia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Muscle, Skeletal/anatomy & histology , Muscle, Skeletal/ultrastructure , Sural Nerve/anatomy & histology , Sural Nerve/ultrastructure , Nerve Crush/methods , Histological Techniques/methodsABSTRACT
Previous studies have shown that venoms of social wasps and bees exhibit strong anticoagulant activity. The present study describes the anticoagulant and fibrinogen-degrading pharmacological properties of the venom of Polybia occidentalis social wasp. The results demonstrated that this venom presented anticoagulant effect, inhibiting the coagulation at different steps of the clotting pathway (intrinsic, extrinsic and common pathway). The venom inhibited platelet aggregation and degraded plasma fibrinogen, possibly containing metal-dependent metalloproteases that specifically cleave the Bß-chain of fibrinogen. In conclusion, fibrinogenolytic and anticoagulant properties of this wasp venom find a potential application in drug development for the treatment of thrombotic disorders. For that, further studies should be carried out in order to identify and isolate the active compounds responsible for these effects.
